A recent archaeological excavation has revealed what experts believe to be the most sacred chamber of the oldest known stone temple in the ancient Greek city of Selinunte (Greek: Σελῑνοῦς) in Italy. The site, known as Temple R, dates back to the late 7th century BCE and was found remarkably intact.
The find was announced by the Archaeological Park of Selinunte following a campaign led by Professor Clemente Marconi. The excavation was carried out in collaboration with the Institute of Fine Arts at New York University and the State University of Milan.
Sacred inner room reveals rare ritual deposit
The discovery revolves around the temple’s adyton (Greek: ἄδυτον)—an inner sanctum that in ancient Greek religion served as the most sacred space, traditionally restricted to priests or select individuals. The adyton played a central role in temple rituals and was typically reserved for the most important religious offerings and ceremonies.
Inside this chamber, archaeologists discovered a rare votive deposit containing more than 300 objects. Among the items was a silver ring, believed to have been offered around 570 BCE by a woman of high status.
Experts say the find highlights the role of women in early religious practices and suggests ties to the goddesses Demeter and Kore.
Experts confirm Temple R’s role in the city’s foundation
Temple R had long been proposed as Selinunte’s first sacred structure by archaeologist Dieter Mertens. The recent findings confirm its symbolic role in the city’s founding. Researchers now view the temple as a central point where religion, city planning, and civic identity came together in ancient Selinunte.
Felice Crescente, director of the Archaeological Park, explained it as the heart of Selinunte’s beginnings, and the place where the first community took shape.
Additional finds reveal layers of history
Excavations also extended to nearby zones known as SAS Y and SAS W. These areas revealed a monumental entrance built in the 5th century BCE and several spearheads still embedded in the ground. The discoveries suggest moments of conflict or ceremonial activity.
Archaeologists note that the site preserves a clear sequence of human activity, from pre-Greek settlements to the medieval period. These layers make it a rare record of continuous occupation and cultural change over centuries.
Regional Councilor Francesco Paolo Scarpinato said the earliest form of Selinunte is gradually coming to light—first the gate, then the walls, and now the sanctuary.
A unique archive of ancient civilizations
The urban sanctuary where Temple R is located now stands as one of the most valuable archaeological sites in southern Italy. Researchers describe it as a unique archive that captures the spiritual and social evolution of one of Sicily’s key Greek colonies.
As the excavation continues, Temple R offers new insight into how ancient communities formed, worshipped, and built the foundations of city life that endured for generations.
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