Archaeology

Europe’s East–West Divide Began With One Brutal Conquest

A military campaign launched by the Frankish ruler Charlemagne in the late 700s set the foundations for Europe's east-west divide, shaping the continent's political landscape for more than a thousand years, according to new research published in the Austrian...

2,600-Year-Old Tomb in China Reveals Bronze Bells Meant to Speak to Ancestors

A 2,600-year-old Chinese tomb containing a rare set of ancient bronze bells is shedding new light on how Zhou dynasty elites used ritual objects to connect with their ancestors and assert political power. A new study published in the Cambridge...

1,200 Ancient Petroglyphs and Rare Turkic Inscription Found in Kazakhstan

Archaeologists working in southern Kazakhstan have documented more than 1,200 petroglyphs and a rare Old Turkic runic inscription in Burkhansai Gorge. This discovery sheds new light on ancient pastoral life, cultural traditions, and early writing in Central Asia. The site...

Ancient Burial in Scotland Shows Woman’s Brain May Have Been Removed After Death

Researchers examining the remains of an Iron Age woman in northern Scotland have found signs that her brain may have been intentionally removed more than 2,000 years ago. The discovery, made at a burial cairn in Sutherland, also revealed long-distance...

The Colossus of Rhodes: Six Facts About the Wonder of Ancient World

Most people today know of the Colossus of Rhodes as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but there are many little-known facts about the masterpiece that may surprise you. The ancient island of Rhodes, the kállistin (best)...

Greece and Turkey Establish Permanent Cultural Forum

Greece and Turkey have established a permanent cultural forum to strengthen bilateral cooperation in cultural heritage, museums, research, education, and new technologies, creating a new institutional framework for dialogue between the two countries. The Greece-Türkiye Cultural Forum was formally established...

22,000-Year-Old Jewelry Reveals Ice Age Social Networks in Spain

A collection of 22,000-year-old jewelry discovered in northern Spain is offering new insights into how Ice Age hunter-gatherers expressed identity, exchanged ideas, and maintained social networks across vast distances. Researchers found that people living in and around Llonín Cave used...

8,000-Year-Old Headless Figurines From Anatolia Hint at Neolithic Offering Rituals

Archaeologists in Turkey have uncovered four headless female figurines dating back about 8,000 years, a discovery that is offering new insight into ritual practices among some of Anatolia's earliest farming communities. The terracotta figurines were found at Kanlıtaş mound near...

Peru Geoglyphs Reveal Hidden Links to Ancient Travel Routes

Ancient Peru geoglyphs in the Chillón Valley near Lima are offering new clues about how early communities may have used and organized the landscape thousands of years ago. A new study suggests that some of these large ground markings were...

Ancient DNA Shows Iberians Maintained Genetic Continuity Despite Greek Influence

Ancient DNA from the bones of Iron Age Iberians shows that these people held onto their genetic roots despite centuries of Greek, Phoenician, and Carthaginian influence along the Mediterranean coast. A study published in iScience traced genetic changes across northeastern...

Long-Assumed Roman Helmet Hoard Off Spain Turns Out to Be Medieval

Researchers have confirmed that an underwater helmet hoard off Spain's eastern coast near Benicarló is medieval rather than Ancient Roman as long assumed. The finding places the collection in the late 14th to early 15th century, during a period...

Denmark’s 2,500-Year-Old Hole Belts Puzzle Archaeologists

Archaeologists in Denmark are recreating a puzzling Iron Age feature to understand better its purpose more than 2,500 years after it was built. Known as hulbælter in Iron Age, or "hole belts," the structures consist of long rows of...

2,200-Year-Old Roman Basilica Found Near Rome Reveals Rare Painted Female Head

Archaeologists have uncovered the remains of a Roman basilica at Tusculum, an ancient city located about 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) from Rome, dating it back to the 2nd century B.C. The discovery places the structure among the oldest known examples...

New Study Links Göbekli Tepe Symbols to Ancient Trypillia Rituals

A new study suggests that the carved symbols at Göbekli Tepe may have been part of a sophisticated belief system that connected timekeeping, sacred space, death, and the heavens. Published in the International Journal of Culture and History, the research...