Xerxes

The Forgotten Hero Dog of Salamis Who Swam After Athens’ Evacuation Fleet

As Athens prepared for its darkest hour in 480 BC, thousands of citizens crowded onto ships bound for nearby Salamis, fleeing the advancing armies of Persian King Xerxes after the fall of Thermopylae. Among them was the Athenian statesman and...

From Persians to Visigoths: The Four Times Ancient Athens Was Sacked

Ancient Athens was invaded and sacked four times, starting with the Persian invasion in 480 BC and ending with the destruction by the Visigoths in 396 AD. The glory of Athens and its prominent position among the city-states of Ancient...

When Persians Destroyed Athens: The Burning of Acropolis and the Rebuilding of a City

In 480 BC, Persian forces led by King Xerxes I burned down the city of Athens, as well as the Acropolis, in what is called "the Persian Destruction of Athens." The destruction of the great city took place during the...

Gold vs. Honor: The Moment Persia Misjudged Greece

The clash of minds between Xerxes and the Greeks, rooted in sharply distinct notions of virtue, remains one of antiquity’s most striking episodes, preserved through time in all its raw intensity. When 480 BC left its mark on the scorched...

When Persian King Xerxes Ordered His Soldiers to Punish the Sea by Lashing It

One of the most striking images recorded by Ancient Greek historian Herodotus is that of Persian King Xerxes ordering his soldiers to punish the sea with lashes for preventing his ships from attacking Greece. Xerxes I, son of King Darius...

Descendants of Persians Visit Xerxes’ Canal Site in Greece 2,500 Years Later

For the first time since Xerxes’ fleet famously passed through the canal in Greece on the narrow isthmus connecting the Mount Athos Peninsula with the rest of Chalkidiki 2,500 years ago, descendants of the Ancient Persians have officially visited...

Persepolis: The Legendary Persian City of Kings and the Memory of Fire

High on the plains of ancient Persia, near what is now Shiraz, stands the memory of a city once called Parsa, known to the Greeks as Persepolis, the “City of the Persians.” Its foundations were laid in the late...