An international team of archaeologists has completed a new phase of research into the hydraulic system of Amphipolis (Greek: Αμφίπολη), shedding light on how the ancient Greek city maintained a stable water supply for more than a thousand years.
Amphipolis was one of the most important cities in the ancient kingdom of Macedonia, known for its strategic position and rich natural resources, including timber and access to trade routes.
The study focuses on identifying and analyzing underground conduits and water channels that served the city since its foundation in the 5th century BC. Researchers say the findings offer important insight into how ancient urban centers managed water over long periods.
The latest field campaign took place from March 27 to April 6. It was led by specialists from the Department of Prehistory and Archaeology at the University of Granada. The work marks the fourth research season since the project began in 2022.
Three construction phases identified
Field teams carried out surveys and detailed analysis of the remains of ancient infrastructure. Their work has identified three main construction phases linked to the Classical, Roman, and Byzantine periods.
Researchers say the system was not built in a single phase. Instead, it evolved. Later communities expanded and adapted earlier structures. This allowed the network to remain functional for centuries.
The findings have helped reconstruct a complex hydraulic system that supported the city across different historical periods. Experts say this reflects long-term planning and continuous maintenance.
Strategic location shaped water needs
Amphipolis was a major center in northern Greece. It was located near the Strymon River, which made it important for trade and military activity. A reliable water supply was essential for its growth and daily life.
New research reveals how the ancient Greek city of Amphipolis managed a hydraulic system that sustained urban life for over 1,000 years. pic.twitter.com/OP1jYjzUrh
— Tom Marvolo Riddle (@tom_riddle2025) April 10, 2026
The city also played a key role during the Peloponnesian War and later became part of the Macedonian kingdom under Philip II, further increasing its regional importance. Researchers say the hydraulic system played a key role in sustaining the city’s population and economic functions.
The project forms part of the EAA/MYA initiative, a joint effort between the University of Granada and the Ministry of Culture of Greece. It is directed by researchers Javier Martínez and Elena Sánchez.
Survey work reveals broader landscape use
Alongside the study of the water system, the team also surveyed nearby archaeological sites. The work covers a wide time range and shows how the surrounding area was used over centuries.
Researchers documented remains of Classical-era farms and Iron Age settlements. They also recorded Middle Byzantine fortifications and defensive structures linked to World War I.
Experts say this broader survey helps connect water infrastructure with settlement patterns, agriculture, and defense.
International collaboration supports research goals
The latest campaign included researchers and students from the University of Granada. The project also involved collaborators from the University of Salamanca and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Researchers say student participation is important for training new specialists while contributing to fieldwork.
The EAA/MYA project is one of only three archaeological missions in Greece led by Spanish teams. Its directors say the work supports efforts to strengthen Spain’s role in classical studies and promote the creation of a Spanish School of Hellenic Studies in Athens.
Further research is planned to better understand how the hydraulic system shaped urban life in ancient Amphipolis.
See all the latest news from Greece and the world at Greekreporter.com. Contact our newsroom to report an update or send your story, photos and videos. Follow GR on Google News and subscribe here to our daily email!
