Elon Musk became the world’s first trillionaire on Friday after SpaceX closed the biggest stock market debut in history. Bloomberg put his net worth at $1.11 trillion at the end of trading.
SpaceX began trading on the Nasdaq at $150 per share, above the set offering price of $135. The stock reached $176 before closing at $160, a gain of more than 19%, pushing the company’s valuation to $2.1 trillion.
Executives rang the opening bell as Elton John’s Rocket Man played on the exchange floor. SpaceX President Gwynne Shotwell said that the company has a history of making history and confirmed a Falcon 9 rocket launched from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station that morning with 29 Starlink satellites.
Musk, speaking at headquarters, said that the startup he built in a warehouse is now behind the largest IPO ever and remains committed to making humanity multiplanetary.
SpaceX IPO made Elon Musk the world’s first trillionaire
Musk holds a 42% stake in SpaceX and a 12% stake in Tesla, valued at about $1.5 trillion. SpaceX itself encompasses Starlink, xAI, and social media platform X. Less than 0.1% of his net worth is held in cash, he has said, and several holdings have been pledged as collateral for loans.
He also holds stakes in The Boring Company and Neuralink. He is nearly four times wealthier than Google co-founder Larry Page and more than five times richer than Meta’s Mark Zuckerberg.
SpaceX used a fixed price of $135 with no range for investors to consider, closing orders two days before trading. Demand was four times the available supply. The company sought $75 billion but may have attracted up to $250 billion in interest.
Sen. Elizabeth Warren asked the Securities and Exchange Commission to delay the listing over concerns about potentially misleading accounting.
SpaceX burns cash while employees strike it rich
SpaceX reported revenue of $18.7 billion last year against an operating loss of $4.3 billion. For comparison, Meta posted more than $200 billion in revenue with net income above $60 billion. Musk controls about 85% of SpaceX voting shares, a level analysts say adds risk to the stock.
More than 4,400 current and former employees are expected to become millionaires, with about 400 set for $100 million or more each. SpaceX shares are expected to enter index funds faster than most newly public companies, potentially giving retirement savers indirect exposure.
OpenAI and Anthropic have also filed to go public this year at valuations near $1 trillion each. Gabriel Zucman, a French economist who studies extreme wealth, warned that the AI boom is concentrating capital rapidly and said there is a fundamental tension between extreme wealth and a functioning democracy.
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