A Magical Getaway to the Greek Island of Halki

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Halki island
The stunning port of the Greek island of Halki. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

Far from the frantic daily life of today’s cities, the Greek island of Halki is a haven of peace and natural remedy for anxiety. Rarely, will you see a car circulating other than the local bus. Its emerald waters, its incomparable picturesqueness, the idyllic beaches, the combination of mountain and sea, and its history and culture are unique features.

By Fotini Maltezou

It was afternoon when we entered the port of Halki leaving just behind us the two small islands of Nisos and Krevvati. In the background, the settlement of Nimborios, built amphitheatrically on the foot of a hill, resembled a painting in pastel shades as the sun made its last attempts to dive in the port. At the top of the hill, the three windmills in a row seemed to pose ostentatiously like ornaments.

You can reach Halki by a local boat from Kamiros, the cove located at the western end of Rhodes. This trip is quite short since only 6 km of sea separate the two islands. Itineraries run several times a day. A big sailing boat dominated like a huge sea whale in the small bay with its sails lowered. I had never seen anything like that before. As we passed it, I managed to read its name: ‘Maltese Falcon.’ Its three huge vertical masts supported many horizontal antennas. This whole metal complex was gilded as it intersected with the rays of the afternoon sun.

Out of curiosity, I later googled and learned that it is considered one of the most iconic state-of-the-art and luxurious superyachts. It is 88m long and can cross the Atlantic in ten days. Its open sails have an area of ​​2400 square meters while its three autonomous and rotating masts are 58 meters high each. Its owner is Elena Ambrosiadou, Hedge-fund manager of IKOS Asset Management in Cyprus.

Halki island
The stunningly vivid colors which adorn the remote island of Halki. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

Approaching the port, the two-story, 19th-century mansions of the old spongers were clearly visible. The houses were lined up along the harbor and their ceramic-tiled roofs and wooden, elongated rectangular windows could be seen from the distance. With my photographic lens, I captured their unique color shades, such as ocher, olive, fuchsia, apricot as they revealed themselves before my eyes. The frame was completed by the colorful wooden boats on the waterfront and their wavy reflections in the water.

As I was walking along the pier, I saw the bell tower of the Church of Agios Nikolaos dominating the port.

Fisherman
A fisherman busy untangling his fishing net. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

Some elderly, local island men sat on stools around a small flower bed untangling their nets while others sorted out the crop from small shrimps, a local delicacy.

We then followed the lady who welcomed us when we arrived and crossed the courtyard of the church of Agios Nikolaos, paved with a beautiful mosaic, before arriving at our small hotel.

Sponge divers of Halki

The view from our veranda was unique and unforgettable as was the first dive directly into the sea from a spacious patio terrace at the lower level of the building, where the moorage is located.

There, in the old days, spongers used to dock with boats and treadmills and unload their wares as they returned from the ‘hunt’ of the sponge. This terrace was called ‘snow’ because the sponges were ‘snowed’ there. It was a whitening process that upgraded the product and made it appealing to the tastes of the ladies of the time who used it for their daily care.

Sponges abounded on the shores of the Mediterranean and spongers reached as far as the coasts of Africa to collect this otherwise humble, animal species, as Aristotle first pointed out.

In the first years, the profession was very arduous and dangerous, a “mission impossible.” Gradually, the modernization and use of special devices led to overfishing of the sponges and the deforestation of the sea-beds with the result being that activity declined. At that point, many spongers migrated to Tarpon Springs, Florida, where they established a lucrative sponge industry; they are still active today. The Halkites in Tarpon Springs, referred to as “the Greek island of the United States,” never forgot Halki. Through their donations, many buildings were renovated and infrastructure was created. Other local immigrants in Weirton, West Virginia, USA donated the big clock to the island.

Like on a boat, moored ashore

Enjoying a slice of watermelon, a peach, and a cool juice on the upper terrace of the house, after the refreshing dip is like landing in paradise. From the outside, the sounds of laughter and music enjoyed my ears. The passengers of a sailing boat kept the pace of the day unabated, and the dives continued until dusk.

At the same time, on the other side of the port, the liner ‘Sebeco II’ was entering, performing perhaps the last route of the day from Kamiros of Rhodes to Nimborios.

In front of us, a little further out near the mouth of the bay, the small islet ‘Nisos’ was gushing another warm yellow light that seemed to come out of its bodies. Gradually, it began to lose this mysterious glow, and the light seemed to go out as if it was sucking it in itself leaving behind only a dark silhouette. The bright mist immediately jumped to the back islet as the sun tilted to the west while, at the same time, the moon appeared. it was probably still days away from filling.

Gradually, the lights began to come on through the rectangular windows of the colored parallelepiped houses from one end of the harbor to the other.

The first night walk in the port exuded a sense of calm which had nothing to do with the busy and noisy Greek islands. The small boats pulled, almost motionless next to each other, waiting for the next day’s movements on the nearby beaches of the island: Ftenagia, Kania, Areta in the eastern and northern part: Pontamos, Trachea, Yiali in the south. Impatient visitors, potential explorers of the island, approached to read the posted itineraries to plan their excursions. Walking along the harbor, it was impossible to resist the smell of octopus, squid, and fresh fish served along with local delicacies at local taverns.

Then, the multi-varied constellation of ice cream made from fresh local milk—with forty flavors of handmade ice-cream in a nearby patisserie—couldn’t go unnoticed.

The culmination of the challenges of our first day was the last evening of relaxation on our terrace. There, you felt like you were on a houseboat that, on the one hand, gave you the confidence that you were leaning on the ground but, on the other hand, launched you to fantastic destinations beyond the horizon line and over the canopy of the sky through the rhythms of the universe. This feeling followed you even when you fell into bed to sleep, and then, it was like living a dream within a dream.

The following day, walking a short distance and taking an exploratory walk through the settlement, we reached the sandy beach of Podamos while the next row was the beach of Areta by boat on the north side of the island.

On the Halki beach of Areta

Halki island
The beautiful cove of Areta. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

This small blue beach “sprouts” between towering, sharp and steep cliffs that refer to similar descriptions from the Greek mythology such as clumps of stones but without the element of wildness and crushing. Approaching and seeing the dreamy landscape, you feel that you have discovered an earthly paradise.

We got very close to the shore by diving from the boat ‘Giannis express’ with the captain, Mr. Michalis. He himself helped us to take our luggage ashore without getting the cameras wet while speeding up the disembarkation process to catch up on his next routes.

The few who got there started talking and exchanging information and impressions about the island. A young girl turned our attention to some shaggy kids, hanging puppet-like, who did incredible acrobatics balancing high on the cliffs that surrounded our creek. Someone else dived very deep and pulled out a “hippie” sea urchin with somehow unusually long, irregular, and sharp needles. We had seen its relatives in the port earlier, where, even there, the waters were crystal clear and the seabed was visible in every detail.

A gay couple from France, Antoine and David, told us that they considered the destination unique. They come to Halki every year and are very sad when time comes to return to Paris.

Swimming back and forth in the small bay of Areta, the feeling is unique. You have appropriated a corner of paradise for a while.

Equally revealing is to lie in the shallow waters, leaving your body free, where the gentle wave erupts, enjoying a relaxing massage on the small velvety pebbles of the beach.

Violin concert in a place and time we did not expect

Another pleasant surprise which enlivened our evening was awaiting us the same night under the steps of the large church of Agios Nikolaos in the port. As enchanted by the violin concerto of Yannis Kormpetis as everyone else was, we enjoyed a wonderful live performance of music with works by J.S. Bach, M.Vekiaris, and Ernst-Lothar von Knorr in a place and time we did not expect.

“Life goes on in difficult times, even on one of the remote small Aegean islands,” was a quick thought that flooded us with optimism.

Halki island
The first Halki International Composition Competition. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

In the same context, the ‘1st International Chalki International Composition Competition 2020’, the next day, August 27, the initiative and organization of the award-winning composer Lina Tonia and Michalis Vekiaris in collaboration with the municipal authority, was another refreshing note.

Composers from all over the world submitted works for solo violin or violin and electronic sounds. From the 113 projects submitted, the committee selected eight that were presented and executed by Yannis Kormpetis while the final judgment highlighted the three best that were awarded. Talking to the organizers and the mayor of the island, we were informed that this competition has come to stay!

Tracheia Beach

On another day, Mr. Michalis took us by boat to Tracheia beach in the southern part of the island. We woke up early in the morning to catch up.

Walking in the port, we met a group that carried, like a trophy, a strange long and narrow fish they’d just caught before handing it over to the staff of a tavern for cooking. It is one of those little episodes of the daily series that unfolds on a small island in which, if you are lucky, you can witness or even participate.

The appointment for the trip to Trachea was agreed from the previous one. This time, however, we gathered only three passengers, and although the captain did not look very happy, the route was executed.

The small peninsula of Trachia separates two coves, the Flea with pebbles to the east and the Lakes with sand on the west. We approached Flea and got off.

We felt like shipwrecks when he left us there and Captain Michalis left quickly with the one-member crew. We explored both coves and ended up in Flea. The hours were spent swimming happily despite the high temperatures of August. In between, we took earthly breaths of coolness under the protective shadows of the rocks that formed small surface caves.

Fortunately, we were supplied with water because the boatmen’s programs had proved to be a bit ‘flexible’ to relaxed, and it did not take long to wonder whether the captain would remember to return to pick you up.

We were relieved to think that a sailboat was parked somewhere in the open and some tenants had dived for spearfishing.

Fortunately, we did not have to call for emergency help. Mr. Michalis came with a small deviation to the pre-arranged appointment. This time, however, he was even more nervous because he had difficulty navigating the rocky side of the bay. We had to do a quick jump to get on the boat while it was rocking back and forth.

The last passenger hesitated to jump, and then, Mr. Michalis started shouting nervously saying that because of her, his boat would fall on the rocks. He threatened to leave her there. Of course, there was no way we could leave without taking the girl with us. As it turned out, due to his haste, he did not show the required patience when approaching. Then, he came to his senses and with calm movements we picked up the young girl and sailed quickly to Nimborios.  As we left Trachea, looking very high over the cliffs on the south side of Halki, we saw the castle of the Knights of Agios Ioannis which is supposed to be built on the site of an ancient Hellenistic Acropolis.

The same afternoon, we planned to visit the Castle from the side of the ‘Village,’ the old settlement of Halki in the interior of the island.

Rescue of immigrants in the Aegean

Returning to the port, the navy torpedo boat, which was stranded there in the morning, had long left.

Halki island
The Hellenic navy torpedo ship off the coast of Halki. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

They had just made a two-hour stop to rest the crew, which had been on alert for months due to Turkish violations in the Aegean. In a conversation we had with them in the morning before we started for Trachea, they told us that every time they go out for a while on an island, the inhabitants of the Dodecanese welcome them and thank them for being vigilant so that they do not experience fear in their daily lives.

We also asked them if they were the ones who were called to rescue (smuggled) migrants off the coast of Halki three days earlier. We were told this was not the case; however, it is a common occurrence, and the ships that are closer are always running.

It is a fact that the night the ship sank, the incident upset the small community of Halki, and the local authorities made a quick plan to deal with the temporary accommodation of the 96 people who were rescued. We heard that they decided to open the school of the settlement. We learned from the electronic press that this was the largest rescue operation for migrants in the Aegean in recent months, and that in addition to the Greek Coast Guard, ten other ships, two helicopters, and a frigate participated.

Eventually, the alarm in Halki ended after most of the rescued migrants were transferred to the island of Rhodes. In recent years, Greece has become a gateway for thousands of Syrian refugees seeking asylum, as well as hundreds of migrants who, aided by Turkish smugglers, try to cross into Greece from neighboring Turkey. All this is happening despite the EU’s agreement with Turkey to reduce flows and combat human trafficking in the Aegean.

‘Chorio’ and the castle of the Knights

In the end, everything was fine since, despite the make-up of Captain Michalis, we managed and returned in time to catch the only bus that was headed towards the interior of the island to the abandoned village-ghost.

A distance of 2.5 km separates the port from the village, Chorio, which was the old capital of the island.

In fact, especially on that day, the bus would continue to the Monastery of Agios Ioannis of Aliargas for the evening service of the big celebration of the island.  He left us at a point from where we took the uphill well-preserved winding alley, passing between the ruined houses of the village to the castle of the Knights that rises above the village like a crown on its ‘head.’

Halki island
The old village on the island of Halki. Credit: Fotini Maltezou.

This was the old capital of the island that once numbered 700 houses almost glued together.

The inhabitants, in good times, may have reached four thousand. In their attempt to repel pirates and other invaders, they often resorted to the Castle, built by the Knights of St. John at the top of the hill, to protect themselves. However, there were also cases when they had experienced large and dangerous raids and then even the castle failed to protect them.

Built in the 14th to 15th century, the castle dominates the top of the hill.  From the Hellenistic period, one can see the thrones of the Greek gods Zeus and Hecate inscribed in stone near the walls of the medieval castle.

Approaching the entrance, you see the coat of arms of the knightly order. The coat of arms of Grand Master D ‘Aubusson (1476-1503) among others is imprinted on the inner walls of the castle.

The view from the top is breathtaking. On one side the Carpathian Sea and on the other the Trachea Peninsula. The inhabitants of the castle could, from this height, control the movement at sea and locate would-be invaders. When pirate attacks subsided, in the 19th century, the inhabitants gradually became discouraged and began to move more freely on the island, cultivating the lowlands and gradually building the current settlement of Nimborio.

Evening prayer at the monastery of Ai-Giannis of Alarga

The descent from the castle was easier and we moved quickly to catch the next bus route, which picked us up from the point it had left us earlier, continuing to the monastery of Ai-Giannis of Alarga even further west and at an altitude of 386 meters.  Arriving there, the sun was setting. Faithful people were already gathered in the spacious courtyard of the monastery and the atmosphere was reminiscent of mystagogy. The priests wore formal vestments and fancy garments and incense smell filled the air around the offerings that formed a small hill in the middle of the courtyard.

Someone told us that three years ago, strangers entered the monastery and stole the icon of Saint John of Alarga and many gold vows. The year 2020 was the first time that due to the pandemic the liturgy on August 28th at the monastery was without food and drink. The monastery, which celebrates on August 29th, offers delicacies such as baked lamb with potatoes and appetizers on the Eve service.

Wearing our masks, we boarded the same bus that brought us and took the road back to the settlement where we enjoyed a nice dinner with fresh fish.

Another day trip was successful, sprinkled with incomparable moments of the magic of Halki.

The feast of Saint John of Alarga on August 29th is very important for the island. Residents and expatriates from Halki look forward to it. The established festival in the port is one of the most famous in the Dodecanese. This time, however, everything was different. The traditional orchestra was installed on the balcony of the City Hall away from the public that was forbidden from approaching. However, everyone could listen to the traditional songs and music while sitting in the taverns of the port that were full from end to end. A few of us took the initiative and approached the steps of City Hall to photograph the music company that sang and played music with its own separate traditional musical instruments.

The days on the island passed quickly, and we lived with enthusiasm in every moment. It was not long before we discovered other beaches, such as Kania and Ftenaya, with a special character to them.

We also learned that Halki has its ‘satellites,’ thirteen small uninhabited islands, with an area of ​​about 10,000 acres. Although we did not manage to visit the uninhabited island of Alimia, located between Rhodes and Halki, we nevertheless met Mr. Charalambos, a unique figure of Halki. A sheep and goat shepherd himself, he looks after his family’s flock. He has three sons, one of whom is Dimitris, the bus driver who travels to the island. Mr. Charalambos told us about his life in Alimia in the summers where for many years they cultivated wheat, barley, fava beans, and lentils and had mills to ground them. In winter, they returned to Nimborio.

On this island, there are remains from shipyards of the Hellenistic period, a medieval castle, ruins of barracks from the Italian occupation during the Second World War, and the ruins of the last settlement of the one that Mr. Charalambos lived in and still remembers.

Alimia, uninhabited since the 1940s, hosted the reality show Island in 2016 and 2017. Island is the corresponding Belgian Survivor. In 2014, Prince Charles and the Duchess of Cornwall, Camilla, arrived in Alimia on their friend’s yacht for a short vacation. Even Berlusconi was once interested in buying or renting it.

Halki is unique, unforgettable!

Far from the frantic daily life of today’s cities, Halki is a haven of peace and a natural remedy for anxiety.

Other than the local bus, rarely will you see a car circulating. Its emerald waters, incomparable picturesqueness, idyllic beaches, combination of mountain and sea, and history and culture are quite unique features. The most important thing is that it radiates a unique aura that makes you escape from stress and scourges. It is the perfect place to unwind. From the very first moment, it is easy to fall in love with Halki to the point that you won’t even want to leave and will start obsessively thinking about your return trip, especially now that the island is officially COVID-free.

We hope to meet with the people, mermaids, and fairies of the Halki island once again at the very first opportunity.

Fotini Maltezou is a freelance journalist and a contributor to major Greek publications. She is also a Physicist (B.Sc.) and Geophysicist (Ph.D.). She visited Halki in the summer of 2020.

Psychedelics and the Eleusinian Mysteries in Ancient Greece

ancient greece greek psychedelics
Most people connect psychedelics to the 1960s, however they were used throughout much of human history, including in the Eleusinian Mysteries of Ancient Greece. Credit: public domain

Although most people connect psychedelic drugs to the 1960s and 1970s, they were used extensively throughout much of human history, including in Ancient Greece.

Psychedelic drugs, or substances that may be either natural or manmade and alter one’s perception of reality and sensory input, were used in religious and spiritual rituals throughout time across the world.

In Greece, psychedelics were essential to religious practice and were used in the cryptic Eleusinian Mysteries.

Psychedelics in Ancient Greece

The Eleusinian Mysteries were celebrated in honor of the goddess Demeter and her daughter Persephone, and were regarded as the most sacred of all the mysteries in the Ancient Greek religion.

Ancient Greeks partook in the festival each year from around 1600 BC to 392 CE, and it took nearly the whole year to prepare for the secretive rites.

From the little that is known about the ritual, experts believe that participants would walk along the Sacred Way in a parade that lasted ten days until they reached the Temple of Demeter in Eleusis, where they would take a sip of a sacred drink called Kykeon after days of abstaining from food.

Eleusis is located about eighteen kilometers (eleven miles) northwest of the center of Athens, and it is part of the metropolitan area of the Greek capital.

The ancient temple of Demeter at Eleusis was burned down by the Persians in 484 BC in the Greco-Persian Wars; it was not until the administration of Pericles that an attempt was made to rebuild it.

After drinking the substance, participants would dance ecstatically and re-enact the story of Demeter and Persephone.

The hidden rituals, which were kept secret under the threat of death if any participant exposed information, revealed information about the mysteries that likely involved the use of psychedelic drugs.

Researchers now believe that the drink used to sustain the initiates during their initiation fast contained ergot, a hallucinogenic fungus.

Eleusinian Mysteries likely involved consumption of Kykeon, a psychedelic substance

Ergot grows naturally on grains such as barley and rye and produces alkaloids in the body when consumed which can produce hallucinations, convulsions, and psychosis.

In small doses, the substance produces a psychedelic trip much like those of drugs such as LSD. This is because the drug LSD was developed by Swiss chemist Albert Hoffman in 1938 when he was conducting experiments with lysergic acid, which is produced by ergot fungus.

Experts believe that the drink kykeon, the concoction drunk during the secret rights, likely contained ergot fungus and produced psychedelic effects when consumed.

Although the ingredients used to create kykeon were shrouded in secrecy in antiquity, scholars have gleaned that the recipe likely contained water, rye or barely, and possibly Roman mint.

Homer mentions kykeon in two of his poems. The drink is said to be made of goat cheese, water, and barley in the Iliad. In The Odyssey, the witch Circe is described mixing honey with the sacred drink, which she then uses as a potion to turn Odysseus’ crew into pigs.

Scholars believe that the purpose of the Eleusinian Mysteries was for participants to reckon with death and human mortality, which weighed heavily on the Greek psyche.

The focus on the myth of Persephone and Demeter, which deals with life, death, and the afterlife, ties into the festival’s central theme of death.

Researchers believe that the use of a psychedelic substance in the form of kykeon during these rituals may have helped participants reckon with death and their own mortality, as users of such drugs have reported in accordance with their own experiences.

EastMed Pipeline Project Ready For Market Test By The End Of 2023

Gas pipeline
The EastMed pipeline project will be ready for market test by the end of 2023. Credit: Public Domain

The EastMed pipeline for the transportation of natural gas from East Mediterranean gas fields to Italy and Central Europe through Greece, is expected to undergo its market test by the end of 2023 – an entire decade since it was first added to the EU’s Projects of Common Interest (PCI).

According to AMNA, the project will be included anew in EU’s updated PCI list to be announced in the fall.

Doubts about the EastMed pipeline’s feasibility, among other issues, have kept the project in suspension, but Russia’s invasion in Ukraine, which led to the EU’s decision to decrease dependency on Russian gas imports, has rekindled the interest in the ambitious deal.

An ambitious energy project

The governments of Greece, Cyprus, and Israel signed an interstate agreement in January 2020 to support the construction of the EastMed pipeline.

The Greek Energy Ministry said at the time that that the pipeline will provide Greece with a distinct geopolitical advantage compared to alternative solutions for the distribution of North Mediterranean natural gas (such as a pipeline crossing Turkey or LNG facilities in Egypt), for several reasons.

The 7-billion-dollar energy project consists of a 2,000-km natural gas pipeline, 1,400 km of which will lie underwater, and will be able to transport – at its final stage – 21 billion cubic meters of gas annually.

The pipeline will also allow for the transfer of green hydrogen, in which the Middle East is a leading producer.

Among the greatest challenges of the project, initially planned to be completed by 2025, are technical challenges such as the pipeline’s maximum sea depth of 3,000 meters.

Discussions about EastMed’s environmental repercussions has also caused scepticism, as the U.S. proposed that interconnected power cables to connect power generation infrastructure in regional markets could be a more environmental-friendly alternative.

Market interest in the EastMed pipeline under evaluation

EastMed’s owner company, IGI Poseidon, which belongs in equal shares to Greece’s public natural gas supplier Depa SA and Italy’s Edison SpA, confirmed to AMNA that the project’s market test is planned to take place by the end of 2023.

According to officials, “the test will evaluate market interest in the pipeline, while it will also examine the existence of enough natural gas quantities in the gas fields discovered so far and interest in having the gas transported to Europe.”

The same source suggested that the project’s Report on Environmental and Social Repercussions saw several benefits, such as the addition of new energy sources to remote corners of the EU, and an expansion of the South Corridor of Natural Gas within the group.

In addition, the creation of a new energy corridor would encourage the transition of Southeast Europe and the East Mediterranean to a viable and efficient energy transport network that also supports the construction of hydrogen-producing units, the report observes.

Is the Golden Age of Greek Mythology Mentioned in the Bible?

Rubens Painting Adam Eve
In Greek Mythology, mankind begins with a Golden Age. Does this Golden Age have a connection to the Bible’s account of Paradise in Genesis? Credit: Public Domain / Wikimedia Commons

According to Greek Mythology, there were five Ages of Man. The first of these was the Golden Age, where everything was wonderful and perfect. But is this mythical Golden Age of mankind only found in Greek Mythology, or is it also mentioned in the Bible?

What Were the Ages of Man?

The Greek poet Hesiod, who lived in the seventh century BC, was the first to describe the Ages of Man. This description is found in a poem called Works and Days. Hesiod divides humanity’s existence into five separate ages.

The first age is the Golden Age, in which humans live in total peace and harmony, even intermingling with the gods. People did not have to toil for their food, nor did they visibly age. After living a very long time, people died peacefully as if going to sleep, but they carried on living as spirits.

This Golden Age of peace and harmony was followed by much worse periods of humanity. In the Silver Age, people were wicked. They lived for 100 years as children, and then for a short time as adults. This wicked age refused to worship the gods, for which reason Zeus killed them. The following age, of Bronze, was full of brave and tough warriors. But this age was also destroyed by Zeus. Then came the Heroic Age, in which many of the adventures of Greek Mythology are set, like the Trojan War. The final age, of Iron, was the era in which Hesiod placed himself.

The Golden Age of Greek Mythology and the Bible

The Golden Age shares many obvious similarities with the story of Paradise in the first book of the Bible, Genesis. Just like in Greek Mythology, the Bible presents humans as starting off in an age of peace and harmony.

After Adam and Eve sin, God specifically tells them that they will now have to toil for their food, implying that they previously did not need to do this. This detail from the Bible is just like Hesiod’s description of man not needing to toil for their food during the Golden Age.

Another similarity with the Bible is the fact that humans were said to intermingle with the gods during the Golden Age. The brings to mind the description in the Bible of God ‘walking in the garden [of Eden]’.

Was it Really the Same Golden Age?

Is there any reason to believe that the Golden Age of Greek Mythology is actually connected to the story of Paradise in the Bible? Or is this simply a case of two cultures independently deciding that humanity must have started off in a perfect condition?

There are a few reasons to conclude that the Bible really was talking about the same Golden Age. For one thing, the way this peaceful period ends in both Greek Mythology and the Bible is very similar. Hesiod explains that the Golden Age ended when Prometheus stole fire from the gods and gave it to humanity. As a punishment, the gods created the first woman and gave her a jar full of terrible things, which she was told not to open. However, curiosity got the better of her, and she opened it anyway, releasing suffering into the world.

Similarly, the end of Paradise in the Bible involves a divine being (in this case, the Devil) getting humans to take something they were not supposed to have (like Prometheus giving humans fire from the gods). Furthermore, suffering entering the world comes about through the actions of the first woman.

This strongly suggests that the two cultures really did have the same era in mind.

How are Greek Mythology and the Bible Connected?

Why is the Greek myth of the Golden Age in the Bible? One theory is that the Bible story comes directly from Greek Mythology. However, the earliest major contact between the Greeks and the Israelites occurred when Alexander the Great conquered the Levant. This was in the fourth century BC, long after Genesis was written, so the Israelites could not have taken this story from the Greeks.

On the other hand, could the Greeks have taken it from the Israelites? Well, the Bible book of Joel, which was probably written in the ninth century BC, mentions that the Phoenicians were selling Jewish captives to the Greeks. This predates the composition of Hesiod’s Works and Days by about two centuries.

However, it seems unlikely that Jewish slaves would have contributed so much to Greek mythology. They would have had a very low status in the society of that time. Therefore, this does not seem very likely either.

The most likely explanation is that both the story of the Golden Age in Greek mythology and the similar account in the Bible share a common origin from long before either one was actually written down – perhaps as far back as the ancient Sumerian civilization. This would explain why we also find similar stories in many other cultures too.

Russia In Major Military Crisis As Wagner Chief Prigozhin Rebels

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Russian military forces
Russia is in major military crisis as Wagner chief Prigozhin turns against Putin. Credit: AMNA

Russia is in major domestic military crisis following the move of Wagner mercenary group leader Yevgeny Prigozhin to declare war on Moscow’s own defense ministry on Friday night, as he claimed that Kremlin officials were responsible for the loss of thousands of his soldiers in the war with Ukraine.

In a video posted on Telegran, Prigozhin said that he has taken control of the southern city of Rostov, and that his troops were moving on to Moscow – where a counter-terrorism regime was reportedly introduced.

Details of the dramatic turn remained unclear as Russian President Vladimir Putin responded with a televised public address, in which he vowed to crush what he called an “armed mutiny.”

The BBC reports that Wagner fighters have taken control of all military facilities in the city of Voronezh, a halfway point between Rostov and the capital.

Putin vows to “crush” Prigozhin’s Wagner “armed rebellion”

In a statement issued on Telegram Friday night, the Prosecutor General’s Office of Russia said that the Investigation Department of the FSB had “legally and reasonably initiated a criminal case against Prigozhin E.V. for organizing an armed rebellion.”

“His actions will be given a proper legal assessment. This crime is punishable by imprisonment for a term of 12 to 20 years,” the statement read.

In a televised public address on Saturday morning, Russian President Vladimir Putin called for unity and referred to the actions of the Wagner chief as a “betrayal” and “treason.”

“This is a stab in the back of our country and our people,” Putin said, speaking of the threat of a civil war.

Also on Saturday, Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov said his forces are ready to help put down Prigozhin’s mutiny, and to use harsh methods if necessary, according to Al Jazeera.

In the meantime, neighboring Estonia strengthened its border security, the country’s Prime Minister, Kaja Kallas, wrote on Twitter.

Ukraine reacts to Wagner rebellion in Russia

Mykhailo Podolyak, senior adviser to Ukrainian Prime Minister Vladimir Zelenskyy, was the only Ukrainian official to have commented on the developments by Saturday noon local time.

Podolyak wrote on Twitter that the next 48 hours will define the new status of Russia.

“Either a full-fledged Civil War, or a negotiated Transit of Power, or a temporary respite before the next phase of the downfall of the Putin regime,” he added. “All potential players are now choosing which side they are on. A deafening “elite” silence is in Russia so far…”

French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz were also following the situation in Russia closely, their respective representatives said on Saturday.

Earth’s Thermosphere Reaches Highest Temperature in 20 Years

Earth’s Thermosphere Reaches Highest Temperature
Using Thermosphere Climate Index (TCI) data, scientists revealed that Earth’s thermosphere reached its highest temperature in 20 years. Credit: NASA / Flickr / CC BY-NC 2.0

The temperature in Earth’s thermosphere, which is the second-highest layer of the atmosphere, recently reached its highest point in almost 20 years.

This increase in temperature was caused by the energy absorbed from geomagnetic storms that affected our planet this year.

Moreover, experts are concerned that the temperature will continue to rise in the coming years as the sun’s activity intensifies. This could have difficulties for satellites that orbit the Earth.

To give you some perspective, the thermosphere starts at about 53 miles (85 km) above the Earth’s surface, at the top of the mesosphere.

It extends upwards until it reaches the bottom of the exosphere, which begins at nearly 372 miles (600 km) above the ground, according to NASA. Beyond the exosphere lies outer space.

NASA monitoring thermosphere temperature for the past 21 years

NASA has been monitoring the temperature of the thermosphere for over 21 years using a method that involves detecting infrared radiation emitted by carbon dioxide and nitric oxide molecules.

They collect this data through NASA’s Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics, and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite. Scientists convert it into what is known as the Thermosphere Climate Index (TCI). The TCI is measured in terawatts (TW), where 1 TW is equal to 1 trillion watts.

Martin Mlynczak, a researcher involved in NASA’s TIMED mission at the Langley Research Center in Virginia and the creator of the TCI, said that the TCI value experienced a notable increase on March 10.

It reached a peak of 0.24 terawatts (TW). Moreover, Mlynczak noted that this is the highest TCI value observed since December 28, 2003.

However, it’s important to note that the data showing the temperature spike has been submitted to a scientific journal, but it has not yet been peer-reviewed, as reported by Live Science.

Cause of the recent temperature spike in the thermosphere

The recent temperature spike in the thermosphere may be due to three geomagnetic storms that occurred in January and February.

These storms are significant disruptions to Earth’s magnetic field and are usually caused by the impact of magnetized plasma called coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and, to a lesser extent, streams of highly charged particles known as the solar wind. Moreover, both CMEs and solar wind are expelled from the sun.

Mlynczak explained that these geomagnetic storms deposit their energy in the thermosphere, leading to its heating.

Consequently, because of this increased heating, there is a rise in the levels of infrared emission from nitric oxide and carbon dioxide in the thermosphere.

Typically, after a storm, the infrared emissions help to cool down the thermosphere. However, when the storms occur consecutively, the temperature remains high without experiencing the usual cooling effect.

Human Trips To Titanic’s Wreck Should End, Organisation Suggests

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titanic wreck footage
The Titanic International Society (TIS) said that “it is time to consider seriously whether human trips to Titanic’s wreck should end in the name of safety”. Credit: OceanGate Expeditions

The Titanic International Society (TIS), a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving the history of the Titanic, said on Friday that “it is time to consider seriously whether human trips to Titanic’s wreck should end in the name of safety”.

Following the tragic loss of the five passengers onboard OceanGate’s Titan submersible in a “catastrophic implosion” 500m from Titanic’s wreck last week, an announcement signed by the President of the TIS, Charles Haas, states that there is anyway relatively little remaining to be learned from or about the wreck.

In the meantime, Canada’s Transportation Safety Board announced an investigation regarding the circumstances of Titan’s operation by its surface support vessel, the Canadian-flagged Polar Prince.

“In the coming days, we will co-ordinate our activities with other agencies involved,” the authority wrote in a press release on Friday.

Titanic trips and the danger of hubris

As it raises the issue of whether manned missions to the Titanic should end, the TIS suggests that crewed submersibles’ roles in surveying the wreck be assigned to autonomous underwater vehicles instead.

Such vehicles mapped the ship and its debris field in high-resolution, 3-D detail last summer.

“Just as Titanic taught the world safety lessons, so, too, should Titan’s loss,” the TIS statement reads.

“Titanic also taught the world about the dangers of hubris and overreliance on technology. This expedition’s tragic ending has shown that these lessons remain to be learned,” it adds, while extending the Society’s sympathy and love to the families of the five additional victims that Titanic claimed 111 years after her loss.

Call for an official investigation

An extensive, detailed investigation by the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Transportation Safety Board and/or their Canadian counterparts is clearly warranted , the TIS believes.

The investigation should “deeply inquire into the submersible’s design, structure, communication and safety systems, owners’ policies and emergency preparations and procedures, and the proximity, state of readiness and deployment of deep-sea rescue systems to the site,” it adds.

Hence, the non-profit organisation urges its members, “and those who feel similarly,” to contact their members of Congress, Parliament or other legislative body, to ensure that such inquiry is initiated.

The TIS also suggests that intensive pre-service inspection of deep-sea submersibles should be required by international regulation.

In reality, however, the implementation of new measures would prove far more challenging than thought, industry experts warn.

As they tell Reuters, any additional safety regulations for deep-sea tourist submersibles may be impossible to enforce given the international nature of this specific business activity.

7.5 Million Baby Shark Bath Toys Recalled

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Millions of Baby Shark bath toys have been recalled due to safety concerns.
Millions of Baby Shark bath toys have been recalled due to safety concerns. Credit: Pratheepps / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0

A significant recall has been issued for approximately 7.5 million singing and swimming “Baby Shark” bath toys due to safety concerns. These toys, manufactured by Zuru, a California-based company, have been associated with several instances of lacerations and puncture wounds in children who were playing with them.

The recall applies to both the regular-sized and miniature versions of Zuru’s robotic baby shark toys, which feature hard plastic top fins that present a potential risk of injury.

Reported cases of injuries

According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, there have already been twelve reported cases of injuries related to Zuru’s full-sized Robo Alive Junior Baby Shark Sing & Swim Bath Toys. These injuries occurred when children inadvertently sat or fell on the toys, prompting the recall.

Out of the twelve cases, nine required stitches or medical attention, highlighting the seriousness of the issue.

It is crucial for parents and caregivers to be aware of this recall and take immediate action if they possess any of the affected toys. The safety and well-being of children should always be the utmost priority, and precautions must be taken to prevent further incidents and potential harm.

Refund policy for Zuru’s toys

As a precautionary measure, Zuru has decided to recall not only the full-sized toys but also the Robo Alive Junior Mini Baby Shark Swimming Bath Toys. While injuries have been reported only in relation to the larger toys, Zuru is taking this additional step to ensure the safety of consumers.

If you own any of the recalled toys, it is important to discontinue their use immediately. Zuru advises contacting them to initiate the refund process.

To obtain a refund, customers are instructed to modify the toy by cutting off or bending the tail fin, then writing “recalled” along with a registration code on the body of the baby shark. A photo of the modified toy should be uploaded to a dedicated website established for this recall.

Identification of recalled products

To identify the recalled products, consumers can refer to the model numbers and date codes. The affected items, Zuru’s Robo Alive Junior Baby Shark Sing & Swim Bath Toys and Robo Alive Junior Mini Baby Shark Swimming Bath Toys, were available for purchase both in stores and online.

Retailers such as Walmart, Target, CVS, Walgreens, and TJX Companies sold these toys from May 2019 through March 2023.

It is essential for individuals who possess these toys to follow the recall instructions promptly. By taking the necessary steps, we can prioritize the well-being and safety of children and prevent any potential harm.

Zuru, in an official statement, has clarified that the recall specifically applies to the baby shark toys featuring a hard plastic fin. The latest versions of the toys, which are equipped with a silicone fin, are not included in the recall.

Zuru emphasizes that these newer toys are not affected by safety concerns and remain safe for use. It is important for consumers to differentiate between the two versions and only be concerned if they possess the baby shark toys with the hard plastic fin.

Google Launches Anti Money Laundering AI

Google Launches ‘Anti Money Laundering AI’
After the successful HSBC trial, Google Cloud launches ‘Anti Money Laundering AI.’ Credit: Raysonho / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

Google Cloud made an important announcement on June 21, 2023. They have introduced a new product called Anti Money Laundering AI (AML AI). This product utilizes artificial intelligence (AI) to assist global financial institutions in detecting money laundering more effectively and efficiently.

Money laundering is a complex issue that has a significant impact worldwide. It is estimated that a substantial amount of money is involved in money laundering activities.

The amount is approximately 2-5% of the global GDP, which could be as high as $800 billion – $2 trillion in current US dollars, according to the UN’s Office on Drugs and Crime.

These illicit funds are often linked to illegal practices such as drug and human trafficking, as well as the financing of terrorism.

How does Google’s ‘Anti Money Laundering AI’ work?

Google Cloud’s AML AI offers a simplified and more efficient approach to detecting suspicious transactions. Instead of relying on rigid rules, it uses advanced machine learning (ML) techniques to generate a customer risk score.

This score is derived from a comprehensive analysis of various data sources, such as transaction patterns, network activities, and customer information obtained through Know Your Customer (KYC) processes, according to Google Cloud’s blog.

By considering these factors, AML AI can effectively identify individuals and groups of customers who pose a high risk of being involved in illegal activities. The product has the ability to adapt and adjust its analysis as new data becomes available.

Thomas Kurian, the CEO of Google Cloud, expressed the company’s commitment to utilizing their expertise and technologies to address a significant challenge faced by the financial services industry.

As a leader in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), Google is now extending its capabilities to tackle one of the most substantial and expensive issues in this sector, Kurian further explained.

Google Cloud’s AML AI improved HSBC’s AML detection capability

By leveraging the power of Google Cloud’s AML AI, HSBC has witnessed a remarkable improvement in its ability to detect potential money laundering activities.

The advanced capabilities of AI technology have enabled HSBC to achieve more accurate results, enhancing the effectiveness of its transaction monitoring process.

Furthermore, the adoption of Google Cloud’s AML AI has significantly reduced the time required for processing large batches of customer data.

The successful implementation of Google Cloud’s AML AI and the resulting improvements in HSBC’s anti-money laundering efforts have been recognized and acknowledged by industry experts.

As a testament to their achievements, HSBC was honored with the Celent Model Risk Manager of the Year 2023 award.

Sale of Lab-Grown Meat Now Legal in the United States

Delectable strips of lab-grown chicken from GOOD Meat, a pioneering producer of cultivated meat.
Delectable strips of lab-grown chicken from GOOD Meat, a pioneering producer of cultivated meat. Credit: Jpatokal / CC BY-SA 4.0

Lab-grown meat has been given the green light for sale in the United States. Two companies, Upside Foods, and Good Meat, have announced that they have received approval from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to produce their cell-based proteins, which they refer to as “cultivated chicken.”

Good Meat, a subsidiary of Eat Just, a plant-based egg substitute maker, has wasted no time and has already begun production. Cultivated meat is grown in large tanks, similar to those used in beer breweries.

Sale of cultivated meat in the US

The recent development builds upon previous approvals that have paved the way for the sale of cultivated meat in the US. Just last week, Good Meat and Upside Foods obtained USDA approval for their product labels.

In March, Good Meat received a letter from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stating that the product is deemed safe for sale in the US, and Upside Foods received a similar letter from the FDA in November. Both the USDA and the FDA are responsible for overseeing the emerging cultivated meat industry.

Concept of Meat without Slaughter by Good Meat Company

Good Meat, a company that has already been selling its products in Singapore, promotes its offerings as “meat without slaughter,” aiming for a more compassionate approach to consuming meat.

Supporters of this innovative concept believe that cultured meat can contribute to combating climate change by reducing the reliance on traditional animal farming, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.

Previously, the company announced its partnership with renowned chef and restaurateur José Andrés to introduce its product in a restaurant located in Washington, DC. While they are collaborating with Andrés and his team to plan the launch, specific timing details have not yet been disclosed, according to a spokesperson from Good Meat.

As production scales up, the company is open to potential partnerships with other restaurants or exploring opportunities for retail distribution.

Issuance of grant of inspection

The recent regulatory milestone achieved on Wednesday is known as a “grant of inspection,” which is issued by the USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service.

The process of obtaining such a grant involves a thorough assessment of a company’s food safety system, ensuring rigorous standards are met, explained an FSIS spokesperson on Wednesday.

More about the company Upside

Uma Valeti, the founder and CEO of Upside, expressed great enthusiasm about the approval, describing it as a significant stride toward a more sustainable future. Valeti believes that this milestone will bring about fundamental changes in how meat reaches our tables.

Upside has set its sights on introducing its product at Bar Crenn, a restaurant located in San Francisco. However, an official launch date has not yet been disclosed. The company intends to leverage this opportunity to gather valuable insights from chefs and diners regarding their perceptions and experiences with the product.

Additionally, Upside has future plans to collaborate with other restaurants and make its products accessible in supermarkets.

At present, Upside is organizing a contest that allows inquisitive customers to be among the first individuals in the United States to sample their cultivated meat.